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The attainment of this goal requires improving equitable access to priority and quality medicines, vaccines, and other health technologies, according to available scientific evidence, which is important for universal access to health and universal health coverage. The availability of these health technologies and their rational use involve the following considerations:

• timely and affordable access to safe, quality, effective medicines and other health technologies;
• a national essential medicines list and a priority health technologies list;
• a strong national immunization program;
• sustainable mechanisms for public procurement and strengthening of the supply chain for medicines and vaccines;
• promotion of a competitive environment and transparent and efficient practices in the management of medicines, vaccines, and other health technologies, including the optimization of regional and subregional mechanisms and funds;
• innovation, health technology assessment (HTA) and health technology management in accordance with the needs of the population;
• development of innovative medicines in accordance with needs of the population;
• management of intellectual property to promote innovation.

• Ensure timely access to medicines on the national essential medicines list, and to priority health technologies, without any payment at the point of care, service, or dispensing of the medicine, according to the national context (revised �����鶹��Ʒ Strategic Plan outcome 4.3).
• Reach 95% vaccination coverage⁽¹⁾ in children under 5 years of age, through national vaccination programs (revised �����鶹��Ʒ Strategic Plan outcome 1.5).
• Have in place a national regulatory authority for medicines rated at level-3 capacity based on the WHO global benchmarking tool.⁽²⁾ (Adapted from �����鶹��Ʒ Strategic Plan outcome 4.3).
• Implement health technology assessment methodologies in the decision-making processes for incorporation in health systems⁽³⁾ (�����鶹��Ʒ Report: Health Technology Assessment and Incorporation into Health Systems, document CSP28/11 [2012]).
• Implement the requirements of the international Basic Safety Standards in diagnostic and therapeutic services that use radiation health technologies (Radiation Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources: International Basic Safety Standards, �����鶹��Ʒ document CSP28/17, Rev. 1 [2012]).
• Promote only and exclusively non-remunerated, repeated, voluntary blood donations, and discourage remunerated and family/replacement donations except where protected by the national regulatory system (Plan of Action for Universal Access to Safe Blood, �����鶹��Ʒ resolution CD53.R6 [2014]).
• Strengthen national, subregional and regional mechanisms for negotiation and purchasing to improve the capacity of countries to obtain more affordable and equitable prices for medicines, vaccines, and other health technologies (Policy on Access and Rational Use of Strategic and High-cost Medicines and Other Health Technologies, �����鶹��Ʒ document CD55/10, Rev. 1 [2016]).
• Taking into account public health perspectives, strengthen the capacity to implement intellectual property policies and health policies that promote research and development of medicines, vaccines and other health technologies for communicable and noncommunicable diseases that primarily affect developing countries and that promote access to affordable medicines, vaccines, and other health technologies (adapted from SDG target 3.b and Policy on Access and Rational Use of Strategic and High-cost Medicines and Other Health Technologies, �����鶹��Ʒ document CD55/10, Rev. 1 [2016]).