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This goal aims at improving information systems for health (IS4H),⁽¹⁾ which are essential in order to improve health policy and decision-making, as well as to measure and monitor health inequalities in the population, and progress toward the achievement of universal access to health and universal health coverage. Strong and comprehensive IS4H are also essential in order to strengthen the leadership and stewardship role of Ministries of Health. Key elements for these systems include:

• analysis of the level of maturity of the countries’ IS4H, as a first step to identify gaps and needs;
• data management and governance;
• information and communication technologies;
• knowledge management for health;
• national capacity-building for human resources and strengthening of infrastructure for data management and analysis;
• information systems for health, including electronic medical records and civil registries, that facilitate interconnectivity and interoperability through data integration processes in a systematic and routine manner.

• Develop a national policy for interoperable⁽²⁾ information systems for health to generate, identify, collect, process, analyze, store, and make quality data and strategic information free and publicly available for better policy- and decision-making in public health and health planning (combined SDG target 17.18 and �����鶹��Ʒ Strategy on Information Systems for Health, proposed).⁽³⁾
• Strengthen information systems for health to support the assessment of the national health system performance, as well as the monitoring and reporting on progress toward achievement of national, regional, and global health objectives, including the health-related SDGs, and SHAA2030 targets, among others.
• Strengthen capacity for analysis and the use of information for decision-making at the national and subnational levels (adapted from �����鶹��Ʒ Strategic Plan outcome 4.4 and SDG target 17.18).